Everything about Johan Jongkind totally explained
Johan Barthold Jongkind (
June 3,
1819 –
February 9,
1891) was a
Dutch painter and
printmaker regarded as a forerunner of
Impressionism who influenced
Claude Monet.
Jongkind was born in the town of
Lattrop in the
Overijssel province of the
Netherlands near the border with
Germany. Trained at the art academy in
The Hague, in 1846 he moved to the
Montmartre quarter of
Paris, France where he studied under
Eugène Isabey and
Francois-Edouard Picot. Two years later, the
Paris Salon accepted his work for its exhibition, and he received acclaim from critic
Charles Baudelaire and later on from
Emile Zola. Jongkind was to experience little success, however, and he suffered bouts of
depression complicated by
alcoholism. Jongkind returned to live in
Rotterdam in 1855, and remained there until
1860. Back in Paris, in 1861 he rented a studio on the rue de Chevreuse in
Montparnasse where some of his paintings began to show glimpses of the
Impressionist style to come. In 1862 he befriended the young Claude Monet who later referred to Jongkind as the "master." The following year Jongkind exhibited at the first
Salon des Refusés. Despite several successes, in another of his down periods the Impressionist group didn't accept his work for their first exhibition in 1874. In 1878 with his wife, painter of nude people
Joséphine Fesser, Jongkind moved to live in the small town of
La Côte-Saint-André near
Grenoble in the
Isère département in the southeast of France where he died in 1891. He is buried there in the local cemetery.
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